Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany: Maternalism, Eugenics, and Professional Identity

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Melissa Kravetz

Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany

Maternalism, Eugenics, and Professional Identity

Melissa Kravetz

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English

University of Toronto Press
21 May 2019

European history; Early history: c 500 to c 1450&1500; Medieval European archaeology; History of medicine

Series: German and European Studies

Examining how German women physicians gained a foothold in the medical profession during the Weimar and Nazi periods, Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany reveals the continuity in rhetoric, strategy, and tactics of female doctors who worked under both regimes. Melissa Kravetz explains how and why women occupied particular fields within the medical profession, how they presented themselves in their professional writing, and how they reconciled their medical perspectives with their views of the Weimar and later the Nazi state.

Focusing primarily on those women who were members of the Bund Deutscher rztinnen (League of German Female Physicians or BD), this study shows that female physicians used maternalist and, to a lesser extent, eugenic arguments to make a case for their presence in particular medical spaces. They emphasized gender difference to claim that they were better suited than male practitioners to care for women and children in a range of new medical spaces. During the Weimar Republic, they laid claim to marriage counselling centres, school health reform, and the movements against alcoholism, venereal disease, and prostitution. In the Nazi period, they emphasized their importance to the Bund Deutscher Mdels (League of German Girls), the Reichsmtterdienst (Reich Mothers' Service), and breast milk collection efforts. Women doctors also tried to instil middle-class values into their working-class patients while fashioning themselves as advocates for lower-class women.

By: Melissa Kravetz
Imprint: University of Toronto Press
Country of Publication: Canada
Dimensions: Height: 235mm, Width: 159mm, Spine: 25mm
Weight: 620g
ISBN: 9781442629646
ISBN 10: 1442629649
Series: German and European Studies
Pages: 344
Publication Date: 21 May 2019
Audience: College/higher education , Professional and scholarly , Primary , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

Melissa Kravetz is an associate professor of history and co-chair of women's, gender, and sexuality studies at Longwood University.

Reviews for Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany: Maternalism, Eugenics, and Professional Identity

This volume deserves to be widely read and cited; it could be assigned to both upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. -- Kristen Ann Ehrenberger, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center * Central European History * Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany is an original and thoughtful study that analyses the experience of women doctors to ask fundamental questions about the opportunities and limits of women's careers and agency in two very different political systems. In doing so, she looks at the ways in which the activities of women doctors both were shaped by and transformed important aspects of German biopolitics, which Kravetz understands as the processes of controlling both individual bodies and the collective body for the purposes of the state. -- Michael Hau, Monash University * <em> Review in German History</em> *