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Why Machines Learn

The Elegant Maths Behind Modern AI

Anil Ananthaswamy

$24.99

Paperback

Forthcoming
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English
Penguin
28 August 2025
A rich, narrative explanation of the mathematics that has brought us machine learning and the ongoing explosion of artificial intelligence

Machine-learning systems are making life-altering decisions for us- approving mortgage loans, determining whether a tumour is cancerous, or deciding whether someone gets bail. They now influence discoveries in chemistry, biology and physics - the study of genomes, extra-solar planets, even the intricacies of quantum systems.

We are living through a revolution in artificial intelligence that is not slowing down. This major shift is based on simple mathematics, some of which goes back centuries- linear algebra and calculus, the stuff of eighteenth-century mathematics. Indeed by the mid-1850s, a lot of the groundwork was all done. It took the development of computer science and the kindling of 1990s computer chips designed for video games to ignite the explosion of AI that we see all around us today. In this enlightening book, Anil Ananthaswamy explains the fundamental maths behind AI, which suggests that the basics of natural and artificial intelligence might follow the same mathematical rules.

As Ananthaswamy resonantly concludes, to make the most of our most wondrous technologies we need to understand their profound limitations - the clues lie in the maths that makes AI possible.
By:  
Imprint:   Penguin
Country of Publication:   United Kingdom
Dimensions:   Height: 198mm,  Width: 129mm,  Spine: 35mm
Weight:   500g
ISBN:   9781802060867
ISBN 10:   1802060863
Pages:   480
Publication Date:  
Audience:   General/trade ,  ELT Advanced
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Forthcoming

Anil Ananthaswamy is an award-winning science writer and former staff writer and deputy news editor for New Scientist. He is the author of several popular science books including The Man Who Wasn't There, which was long-listed for the Pen/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award. He was a 2019-20 MIT Knight Science Journalism Fellow and the recipient of the Distinguished Alum Award, the highest award given by IIT-Madras to its graduates, for his contributions to science writing.

Reviews for Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Maths Behind Modern AI

After just a few minutes of reading Why Machines Learn, you’ll feel your own synaptic weights getting updated. By the end you will have achieved your own version of deep learning — with deep pleasure and insight along the way -- Steven Strogatz An entertaining journey… Ananthaswamy has the uncanny ability to answer questions with simple and illuminating examples just as they arise in the reader’s mind… Why Machines Learn demystifies the underlying mechanisms behind machine learning, which may possibly lead to a better understanding of the learning process itself and the development of improved AI * Physics World * Anil Ananthaswamy’s Why Machines Learn embarks on an exhilarating journey through the origins of contemporary machine learning. With a captivating narrative, the book delves into the lives of influential figures driving the AI revolution while simultaneously exploring the intricate mathematical formalism that underpins it. As Anil traces the roots and unravels the mysteries of modern AI, he gently introduces the underlying mathematics, rendering the complex subject matter accessible and exciting for readers of all backgrounds -- Björn Ommer Some books about the development of neural networks describe the underlying mathematics while others describe the social history. This book presents the mathematics in the context of the social history. It is a masterpiece. The author is very good at explaining the mathematics in a way that makes it available to people with only a rudimentary knowledge of the field, but he is also a very good writer who brings the social history to life -- Geoffrey Hinton If you were looking for a way to make sense of the AI revolution that is well underway, look no further. With this comprehensive yet engaging book, Anil Ananthaswamy puts it all into context, from the origin of the idea and its governing equations to its potential to transform medicine, quantum physics—and virtually every aspect of our life. An essential read for understanding both the possibilities and limitations of artificial intelligence -- Sabine Hossenfelder Why Machines Learn is a masterful work that explains — in clear, accessible, and entertaining fashion — the mathematics underlying modern machine learning, along with the colorful history of the field and its pioneering researchers. As AI has increasingly profound impacts in our world, this book will be an invaluable companion for anyone who wants a deep understanding of what’s under the hood of these often inscrutable machines -- Melanie Mitchell Generative AI, with its foundations in machine learning, is as fundamental an advance as the creation of the microprocessor, the Internet, and the mobile phone. But almost no one, outside of a handful of specialists, understands how it works. Anil Ananthaswamy has removed the mystery by giving us a gentle, intuitive, and human-oriented introduction to the math that underpins this revolutionary development -- Peter E. Hart


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