Samuel Rufat is Professor at CY Cergy Paris University and the Institut Universitaire de France. His research interests include vulnerability, resilience, adaptation assessments, geospatial modeling, risk perception, emergency management and disaster mitigation. Pascale Metzger is a researcher at the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) and a member of the Prodig laboratory. She studies risks and environment in the large cities of Latin America and highlights the role of social sciences in disaster risk reduction.