Using Force to Protect Civilians: Successes and Failures of United Nations Peace Operations in Africa...

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Stian Kjeksrud (Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Norwegian Defence University College/Command and Staff College)

Using Force to Protect Civilians

Successes and Failures of United Nations Peace Operations in Africa

Stian Kjeksrud (Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Norwegian Defence University College/Command and Staff College)

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English

Oxford University Press
14 June 2023

Politics & government; International relations; International institutions; United Nations & UN agencies; Peacekeeping operations

Using Force to Protect Civilians offers the first comprehensive analysis of United Nations military protection operations across time and UN missions, drawing on a novel dataset that covers 200 operations from ten UN peacekeeping missions in Africa from 1999 to 2017. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the book finds that Blue Helmets succeed as often as they fail when they employ force to protect, indicating that they can wield force effectively - under the right conditions - to achieve this priority task. Stian Kjeksrud shows that effective UN military protection operations must rest on a deep understanding of perpetrators' motivation and modus operandi for attacking civilians, facilitating tailored military responses to stop or reduce physical threats in a timely manner. Adding to existing knowledge about the conflict-reducing effect of the presence of uniformed UN personnel, he also finds that specific actions matter more than the simple presence of Blue Helmets in large numbers. While protecting civilians is a priority task for military peacekeepers, we have limited knowledge about how they fare across time and in different UN missions when they use force to protect. We also remain largely ignorant of the conditions leading to successful outcomes when they intervene militarily to protect civilians from violence. Using Force to Protect Civilians addresses both of these knowledge gaps, and provides the building blocks for a theory of the utility of force to protect civilians in UN peace operations.

By: Stian Kjeksrud (Associate Professor Associate Professor Norwegian Defence University College/Command and Staff College)
Imprint: Oxford University Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 240mm, Width: 165mm, Spine: 20mm
Weight: 512g
ISBN: 9780192857101
ISBN 10: 019285710X
Pages: 240
Publication Date: 14 June 2023
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

1: Protection by military force in UN peace operations 2: Understanding the utility of force to protect civilians from violence 3: Exploring characteristics and outcomes of UN military protection operations 4: Analyzing empirical patterns of UN military protection operations 5: Discovering causal pathways to successful protection outcomes 6: Protecting civilians from the M23 7: Overwhelmed by the White Army 8: Increasing the utility of force to protect Appendices Bibliography

Stian Kjeksrud is an Associate Professor at the Norwegian Defence University College/Command and Staff College. He studies the utility of force to protect civilians from violence in war and armed conflict and develops EdTech tools in Extended Reality to improve learning in higher military education. Before his academic career, Kjeksrud served as an officer and soldier in international operations, including Afghanistan, North Macedonia, Kosovo, and Lebanon, and worked as a police officer in Oslo.

Reviews for Using Force to Protect Civilians: Successes and Failures of United Nations Peace Operations in Africa

The narrative and analysis are accessible to non-scholarly audiences; this is significant, because the implications of the study are relevant for military and UN planners. * Choice * Provides a level of nuance to the literature that has not yet been seen... Kjeksrud's insights on the factors that help some protection efforts to succeed while others fail are a useful contribution not only to the literature, but also to policymakers seeking to enhance the protection of civilians. * Jenna Russo, International Peacekeeping *