Toxic Aid

Opposing sides on foreign aid fiercely debate whether it spurs growth or actually does harm. Sebastian Edwards' fascinating tale of aid in Tanzania suggests it can do both. He reminds us that the more recent success of aid and reform in Tanzania is undoing the disaster caused by aid's decades-long support of domestic tyranny and corruption. A must-read for both sides of the aid debate, or for all those who simply care about poverty. * William Easterly, New York University and author of The Tyranny of Experts: Economists, Dictators, and the Forgotten Rights of the Poor * Brilliant analysis from one of our leading thinkers on economic development. Edwards places the experience of Tanzania in the broader and continuing debate about the effectiveness of foreign aid. His sober and thorough dissection of the historical record leads to a powerful conclusion: the international assistance provided from 1961 to 1981 proved highly toxic, but outside support subsequently became more constructive. This controversial volume will become a must read for anyone concerned with prosperity and stability around the world. * Simon Johnson, former chief economist of the International Monetary Fund and author of the best-seller 13 Bankers * Tanzanian economic policies resulted in a disaster of monumental proportions, aided and supported by most of the foreign aid community through the first several decades. Edwards provides an excellent insightful, balanced, and well-documented analysis of the economy's implosion, its turnaround in policies and performance, and the role foreign aid providers played in the debacle and the recovery. This first-rate book should be required reading for all those interested in development policies and African economic development. It also provides an invaluable overview for those non-specialists wanting to learn more about the Tanzanian experience. * Anne Krueger, Johns Hopkins University * In this compelling and highly readable account of the Tanzanian experience, Sebastian Edwards exposes the facile debate over the question of whether foreign aid is harmful or beneficial. By distinguishing the approaches that have worked from those that have failed, Edwards demonstrates convincingly that the question cannot be answered unconditionally. This book should be required reading for all those interested how foreign aid can be used to achieve positive outcomes. * Robert Lawrence, Albert L Williams Professor of International Trade and Investment, Harvard Kennedy School * This book is a must-read for anyone interested in African economic development. Sebastian Edwards is an exciting new voice in the debate on foreign aid in Africa, and expertly uses the case of Tanzania to shed light on the good - and the bad - that aid can do. Employing the latest statistics, and drawing on his own extensive first-hand experience advising the Tanzanian government, Edwards weaves an engaging tale of failure and redemption in one of Africa's most intriguing nations. I look forward to recommending this book to my friends, colleagues, and students alike. * Edward Miguel, Oxfam Professor in Environmental and Resource Economics, Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, and author of Africas Turn * This engagingly written analytical narrative fills a gap in the literature on development. It goes inside a country that has experienced failure (Tanzania 1961-1981) and, plausibly, success (1996 to today). Edwards' valuable interpretation of this case exploits his vast experience and his mastery of the scholarly literature. Regarding the controversy over does foreign aid work? he shows how the answer depends on the policies and probity of the countrys leaders. * Robert Klitgaard, Claremont Graduate University and author of Tropical Gangsters * In Tanzania global academic fashions have been atypically influential with both donors and governments. The resulting roller coaster is splendidly dissected in this important book. * Paul Collier, Oxford University and author of The Bottom Billion * Does foreign aid really help developing countries to develop? Or does it stand in the way of development by enabling corrupt and repressive regimes that pursue inappropriate economic policies? Sebastian Edwards' important volume on Tanzania provides compelling answers. With carefully marshalled economic data, Edwards shows that foreign aid may have been a critical factor in enabling the government of Tanzania to pursue economically ruinous economic policies during the two decades following independence. Beginning in the early 1980s, however, pressure from the foreign aid community was at least equally important in convincing Tanzania to undertake needed and beneficial economic reforms and in providing resources to carry out these reforms. * Michael F. Lofchie, Professor of Political Science, UCLA and author of The Political Economy of Tanzania *