Dr. Koen Bovend'Eerdt works for the Scientific Bureau (Wetenschappelijk Bureau) of the Dutch Supreme court. Prior to that he was a PhD candidate and lecturer at Utrecht University's Willem Pompe Institute for Criminal Law and Criminology. His research concerns, in a general sense, the Europeanisation of criminal justice. More specifically, he writes about novel problems in relation to the protection of fundamental rights in the process of enforcement by so-called European law enforcement authorities: supranational actors created by Union law which have at their disposal enforcement powers (i.e., powers to monitor, investigated (alleged) breaches of Union law in specific policy areas, impose punitive administrative sanctions as a result of such breaches and/or refer cases to the national level for prosecution and, ultimately, sanctioning).