Opioids have played a prominent role in society for centuries and have been lauded for both their analgesic and euphoric qualities by cultures throughout the world. The advent of medical and pharmaceutical sciences in the 20th century ushered in a wide variety of different commercial opioid products that were designed to maximize their therapeutic potential. As the use of opioids increased, a corresponding need emerged to understand more about how opioids exert their effects in the body and brain; the consequences of opioid use regarding physical dependence, withdrawal, and craving; how we might best treat opioid use disorder (OUD) and address risk for opioid-related overdose; and how opioids may intersect with other clinical conditions to produce unique challenges.
Edited by Kelly E. Dunn, The Oxford Handbook of Opioids and Opioid Use Disorder synthesizes research across the spectrum, and establishes a foundational knowledge regarding historical and current epidemiological trends, neurobiological and genetic contributors to opioid effects and OUD, and core elements of opioid use such as withdrawal and craving. It provides specific information and guidance regarding opioid treatment paradigms, including chapters on specific pharmacotherapies as well as treatment approaches, and discusses considerations for special clinical populations. An overview of these respective issues is provided across 38 chapters, which outline the history and science of these topics alongside clinical considerations and case examples.
Written by expert bench scientists, epidemiologists, clinical trial interventionists, medical practitioners, and harm reduction specialists, this handbook will serve as a comprehensive guide for practitioners, policymakers, students, and researchers who wish to achieve a better understanding of the complex world of opioid and OUD practice and science.
Chapter 1: Historical Events that Shaped Contemporary Opioid Trends Kelly E. Dunn Chapter 2: Epidemiology of Opioid Use and Smoking, Alcohol, and Polysubstance Use Among Persons Using Opioids Maria A. Parker and Whitney S. Cordoba-Grueso Chapter 3 Opioid Use Disorder: Diagnostic History and Current Understanding Orrin D. Ware and Kelly E. Dunn Chapter 4: Access to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Brendan Saloner and Jason Gibbons Chapter 5: The Current Status of Medical Student Education on Opioids Oluwole Jegede, Peter J. Na, Ismene Petrakis, and Srinivas B. Muvvala Chapter 6: The Neurobiology of Opioid Use Shailesh N. Khatri, Erin E. Maher, Emma O. Bondy, and Cassandra D. Gipson Chapter 7: Genetic Influences in Opioid Use Disorder Jill Rabinowitz and Brion Maher Chapter 8: The Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: Presentation, Measurement, and Management Kelly E. Dunn, Cecilia Bergeria, Orrin D. Ware, Eric C. Strain Chapter 9: Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Sarah H. Heil, Heidi S. Melbostad, and Leigh-Anne Cioffredi Chapter 10: Opioid Craving: Understanding Its Measurement, Mechanisms, and Treatment Cecilia Bergeria and Brandon Park Chapter 11: Opioids and Cognition Bethea A. Kleykamp, Shannon B. Clarke, and Shauna P. Acquavita Chapter 12: Opioid Effects on Sleep: Review of the Literature and Consideration of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis as a Relevant Mechanism Jennifer D. Ellis, Chung Jung Mun, and Patrick H. Finan Chapter 13: Fentanyl Kelly E. Dunn, H. Elizabeth Bird, and Caitlyn J. Durgin Chapter 14: Tramadol Kelly E. Dunn, Judy Ashworth, and Eric C. Strain Chapter 15: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): Pharmacology and Use of a Naturally Occurring Atypical Opioid Kirsten E. Smith, Oliver Grundmann, Marc T. Swogger, and Albert Garcia-Romeu Chapter 16: Ibogaine and Noribogaine Deborah C. Mash and Michael Karukin Chapter 17: Abuse Deterrent and Sustained Release Opioid Formulations Rachel R. Luba, Sandra D. Comer, and Edward V. Nunes Chapter 18: Methadone Jonathan R. Buchholz, Molly Kalmoe, Justin Stamschror, and Andrew J. Saxon Chapter 19: Buprenorphine Eric C. Strain and Andrew Gaddis Chapter 20: Naltrexone Marina Tsoy-Podosenin and Evgeny Krupitsky Chapter 21: Clonidine Mark S. Gold and Kenneth Blum Chapter 22: Lofexidine Charles W. Gorodetzky, Kristen L. Gullo, and Marc Fishman Chapter 23: Injectable Opioid Treatment Eugenia Oviedo-Joekes Chapter 24: Long-Term Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder With Medications Aaron S. Wolfgang, Melissa B. Weimer, Peter J. Na, David A. Fiellin, and Srinivas B. Muvvala Chapter 25: Supervised Withdrawal Opioid Use Disorder Treatments Kelly E. Dunn and Andrew S. Huhn Chapter 26: Psychosocial Treatment Methods Jessica M. Peirce, Denis G. Antoine, Alexis S. Hammond, and Michael S. Kidorf Chapter 27: Behavioral and Self-directed Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder Wendy Insalaco and J. Gregory Hobelmann Chapter 28: Contingency Management Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder August F. Holtyn, Forrest Toegel, and Matthew D. Novak Chapter 29: Treating Opioid Use During Pregnancy and Postpartum Life Phases Hendrée E. Jones Chapter 30: Pharmacy-Based Treatment Options for Opioid Use Disorder Ali Cheetham and Suzanne Nielsen Chapter 31: Opioid Overdose: Mechanisms and Naloxone Jermaine D. Jones, Rachel R. Luba, Mudassir Mumtaz, and Felipe Castillo Chapter 32: Opioid Overdose: Intervention Strategies Laura Brandt Chapter 33: Supervised Consumption Services Jeanette Bowles, Meaghan Thumath, Gillian Kolla, Zoe Dodd, Jaime Arredondo Sanchez Lira, Frank Crichlow, and Leo Beletsky Chapter 34: Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Persons Who Are Using Opioids R. Kathryn McHugh Chapter 35: Sex as a Biological Variable and Gender as a Social Construct in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Andrew S. Huhn Chapter 36: Challenges of Opioid Use Disorder in Rural Settings Stacey C. Sigmon and Jennifer R. Havens Chapter 37: Differences Between Those Engaged in Heroin Use and Non-Prescribed Opioid Use Ty S. Schepis, Bowie Duncan, and Katherine Vrotsos Chapter 38: The Impact of Opioid Use Disorder on Families and Children Erin L. Winstanley, Amanda Newhouse, and Kari-Beth Law
Kelly E. Dunn, PhD, MBA, is Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Johns Hopkins University. Dunn has been working in the field of opioid use disorder since 2005, motivated by witnessing her community be ravaged with nonmedical use of prescription opioids as a teenager. This led to a passion for understanding motivations for opioid use, identifying methods to prevent the onset of opioid use disorder, improving treatments for opioid use disorder, and exploring new methods for managing pain and reducing opioid reliance. She has built a robust portfolio of laboratory and clinical trial research investigating these questions and is an author of more than 100 peer-reviewed publications in the area of substance use and opioid use disorder.
