Phoebus L. Athanassiou (LLB, LLM, PhD) is Senior Lead Legal Counsel with the Legal Services of the European Central Bank, a published author of works on banking and financial law, and a member of the Academic Faculty of the Institute of Law and Finance at the Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany. Angelos T. Vouldis (MEng, MSc, PhD) is an Economist at the European Central Bank, with year-long policy experience in financial crises and the stress testing of financial institutions. He has published extensively in leading journals on banking, financial stability, business cycles and institutional change.