Ordered and Disordered Metamaterials

1. Basics of metamamaterials T. Gric (Department of Electronic Systems, VILNIUS TECH) and P.K. Choudhury (Institute of Microengineering and Nanotechnology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia) – Authors confirmed Exotic electromagnetic properties of metamaterials allow diverse potential applications of these from optical filters to high gain antennas and even to shielding buildings from earthquakes. This chapter will present the conceptual understanding of metamaterials, i.e., it will cover an introduction to metamaterials emphasising the underlying basic electromagnetic mechanisms responsible followed by some developing applications. Within the context, the ordered and disordered metamaterials will be touched upon and their applications in areas ranging from electronics to biomedical applications will be highlighted. 2. Effective medium theory of two--component metamaterials Oleg Rybin (Biomedical Electronics & Computer Systems, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, UKRAINE) – Author confirmed Effective medium theory is one of the important tools applied in the analyses of metamaterials. This is primarily because of the reason that the metasurface, comprising the periodic arrays of constituents, is homogenized so that it is treated as an effective medium that determines the unnatural electromagnetic behavior. The chapter will discuss such fundamental tools that will provide the readers understanding the mechanisms. 3. Metamaterial--based absorbers Donghyum Kim (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, South Korea) – Author tentative The chapter will review metamaterial--based near--perfect absorbers that have been greatly attractive for many applications, such as biochemical sensors, optical imaging, photodetection, and solar cells. Discussions on broadband absorbers using multiplexed narrowband plasmonic resonators will be taken up. 4. Microwave metamaterials Y.P. Lee (Quantum Photonic Science Research Centre and RINS, Hanyang University, South Korea) – Author tentative. This chapter will review the development of electromagnetic metamaterials in the context of microwave absorbers. Some advanced meta--structures will be touched upon emphasizing the wideband absorption features of such metamaterials. 5. Mechanical metamaterials – Author to be finalised Author to be finalised. Mechanical metamaterials are the emerging class primarily governed by their architecture to create lightweight materials with extreme mechanical properties. The functionality of these is limited by their tolerance to damage and defects. Materials scientists credit the difficulty in part to the manufacture and characterization of a large number of unit cells. In this stream, the numerical and asymptotic analyses can be combined to extend the ideas of elastic fracture mechanics to mechanical 3D metamaterials, thereby developing a design protocol to form optimally robust discrete solids. This chapter will discuss the design characteristics of the mechanical metamaterials. 6. Nanostructured metamaterials for biosensing and energy harvesting devices P.K. Choudhury (Institute of Microengineering and Nanotechnology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia) Author confirmed. Nanoengineered mediums have been greatly attractive owing to the possibility of developing varieties of miniaturized photonic devices. The conceptual understanding of metamaterials has fueled the R&D investigators to come up with ‘smaller--than-­small’ designs of antennas, filters, absorbers, sensors etc. The chapter will discuss the very basic principles behind the designs of metamaterials followed by the applications of the in designing absorbers and multi--controllable sensors. The chapter will review metamaterial--based near--perfect absorbers that have been greatly attractive for many applications, such as biochemical sensors, optical imaging, photodetection, and solar cells. Discussions on broadband absorbers using multiplexed narrowband plasmonic resonators will be taken up. 7. Functional disordered composites T. Gric (Department of Electronic Systems, VILNIUS TECH) Author confirmed Since the emergence of metamaterial, disorder within artificial materials has been a subject of great interest. Interestingly, the anisotropic property of metamaterials at the optical frequencies can be exploited to treat the disordered metamaterials. Furthermore, the enhanced anisotropy due to the presence of disorder promises that metamaterials may sustain surface plasmons propagating with more flexible performances than the conventional metals or ordered metamaterials. For instance, dealing with the photonic crystals involves some disorders, which can dramatically degrade the reflection and transmission properties. The chapter covers different models of disordered metamaterials. 8. Highly disordered anisotropic biological mediums – the effective permittivity approach V. Mityushev (Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Cracow University of Technology) Author confirmed. The chapter will deal with the determination of the effective permittivity of the composite biological media - the methodology that stands as a perfect tool allowing to evaluate the permittivity tensor of the sample analytically without human intervention. The used techniques allow for the creation of phantom tissue models for further usage in clinical applications. In the work, the biological sample is homogenized to treat it from the perspectives of disordered metamaterial. The distribution of cancerous cells is considered, which provides a fertile ground for cancer treatment. 9. Artificial biological tissues with meta--complex features Z. Sun (Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland) – Author Confirmed. This chapter will emphasize the construction, investigation, and application of metamaterial--based complex mediums to construct artificial biological tissues. 10. 3D metamaterial sensors for cancer detection M. Farsari (The Institute of the Electronic Structure and Laser, The Foundation for Research and Technology--Hellas, Greece) – Author tentative This chapter will focus on the design, fabrication, and characterization of 3D ultra-sensitive metamaterials--based sensor that would find possible application in cancer detection.