Nanoformulations for Agricultural Applications

Preface xiii 1 Nanoformulations for Agricultural Applications: State-of-the-Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities 1 Aswani R., Radhakrishnan E.K. and Visakh P. M. 1.1 Synthesis and Fabrication of Green Nanoparticles 2 1.2 Biomass-Derived Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Sensing, Catalytic, Biomedical, and Environmental 5 1.3 Synthesis and Application of Nanopesticides 7 1.4 Nanoformulation for Plant Growth Promotion 8 1.5 Nanotechnology in Crop Disease Management 10 1.6 Application of Nanofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture: Advantages and Future Prospects 11 1.7 Biodegradable Bionanocomposites in Agriculture Applications 12 1.8 Advances and Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture 15 1.9 Recent Trends in Designing and Production of Nano-Based Formulations 17 1.10 Nanocarriers for the Effective Application of Agrochemicals 19 2 Synthesis and Fabrication of Green Nanoparticles 35 Anupama R. Prasad, Mathew Kuruvilla and Abraham Joseph 2.1 Introduction 35 2.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles 37 2.3 Green Methods for Nanoparticle Synthesis 40 2.4 Synthesis Using Microorganisms 41 2.5 Synthesis Using Plant Extracts 48 2.6 Fabrication Using Bimolecular Templates 50 2.7 Factors Affecting Production of Nanoparticles 51 2.8 Conclusion 52 3 Biomass-Derived Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Sensing, Catalytic, Biomedical, and Environmental 63 Suprita Naik, Chhaya S. Panse and Aniruddha B. Patil 3.1 Introduction 64 3.2 Biomass and the Derived Nanoparticles 66 3.3 Applications 81 3.4 Conclusion 86 4 Synthesis and Application of Nanopesticides 91 Harish Kumar Neetu Kumari and Ankita Yadav 4.1 Introduction 92 4.2 Need of Agriculture 93 4.3 Benefits of Agriculture to the Pharmaceutical Field 95 4.4 Agriculture Help in Pollination 95 4.5 The Challenge to the Agriculture Industry 97 4.6 The Role of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Sector 98 4.7 Applications of Nanoparticles 98 4.8 Future Perspective 108 4.9 Conclusions 108 5 Nanoformulations for Plant Growth Promotion 119 Sanika Jain and Jyoti Mathur 5.1 Introduction 120 5.2 Types of Nanoparticles 121 5.3 Synthesis Methods of Nanoparticles 123 5.4 Approaches for Nanoparticle Synthesis 125 5.5 A New Approach of the Nanoformulation in Plant Growth Promotion 125 5.6 Role of Nanotechnology in Plant Protection and Pest Management 130 5.7 Interaction Uptake and Translocation of Nanoformulation or Nanoparticles with Plants 131 5.8 Effects of Nanoparticles on Plant 134 5.9 Application of Nanoparticles in Agriculture Field 136 5.10 Types of Metal-Based Nanoparticles 138 5.11 Factors Affecting the Biological Activity of Nanoparticles 141 5.12 Future Prospects 142 5.13 Conclusion 143 6 Nanotechnology in Crop Disease Management 153 Bhasha Sharma, Shashank Shekhar, Amit Kumar, Purnima Jain and Shreya Sharma 6.1 Introduction 154 6.2 Nanoparticles for Management of Crop Disease 156 6.3 Nanoparticles and RNA Interference for Plant Protection 163 6.4 Environmental Reverberations 164 6.5 Conclusion and Future Outlook 165 7 Application of Nanofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture: Advantages and Future Prospects 175 Riti Thapar Kapoor and Mohd Rafatullah 7.1 Introduction 176 7.2 Nanofertilizers 178 7.3 Synthesis of Nanofertilizers 180 7.4 Classification of Nanofertilizers 180 7.5 Mode of Application of Nanofertilizers 182 7.6 Role of Nanofertilizers for Growth of Crop Plants 183 7.7 Limitation of Nanofertilizers 190 7.8 Recommendations and Future Perspectives of Nanofertilizers 191 7.9 Conclusions 192 8 Biodegradable Bionanocomposites in Agriculture Applications 203 Ashoka Gamage, Nimasha Fernando, Sudhagar Mani, Asanga Manamperi and Terrence Madhujith 8.1 Introduction 204 8.2 Agricultural Applications 205 8.3 Biodegradable Polymers 210 8.4 Biodegradable Nanocomposites in Agricultural Applications 212 8.5 Conclusion 222 9 Advances and Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture 231 Rafeeq C. M., Rahimol Ramesh, Resiya Karim and Manzur Ali P. P. 9.1 Introduction 232 9.2 Nanopesticide 234 9.3 Nanotechnology in Seed Priming 236 9.4 Nanoregulators for the Development of Stress Tolerant Plants 243 9.5 Nanopore Sequencing for Plant Pathogen Identification and Detection 248 9.6 Nanoparticles in Innovative Farming Practices 249 9.7 Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Delivery for Genetic Engineering and Crop Improvement 251 9.8 Conclusion 252 10 Recent Trends in Designing and Production of Nano-Base Formulations 267 Vysakh V. G., Rini K. T., Sandhya Sukumaran and A. Gopalakrishnan 10.1 Introduction 268 10.2 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Nanoparticles for Nutrient Delivery in Agriculture 268 10.3 Nanoparticles for Nutrient Delivery in Agriculture 270 10.4 Advantages of Nanofertilizers Over Conventional Fertilizers 270 10.5 Synthesis of Nanofertilizer 271 10.6 Modes of Application of Nanofertilizer 273 10.7 Design and Formulation of Nanofertilizers 274 10.8 Nanoformulations for Pest and Disease Control in Crops 281 10.9 Impacts of Nanopesticides 282 10.10 Types of Synthesis of Nanopesticides 283 10.11 Nanopesticides for Crop Protection 285 10.12 Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Using Microorganisms: A Novel Approach 288 10.13 Regulatory and Safety Considerations 301 10.14 Conclusions 302 11 Nanocarriers for the Effective Application of Agrochemicals 315 Sudheep N. M., Anisha S., Divya Mathew and Radhakrishnan E. K. 11.1 Introduction 316 11.2 Nanocarriers and Their Use So Far 317 11.3 Rationale Behind Using Nanocarriers in Agriculture 317 11.4 Types of Nanocarriers 318 11.5 Anticipated Benefits from the Use of Nanocarriers in Agriculture 325 11.6 The Aspect of Sustainability of Nanocarriers Used in Agriculture 327 11.7 Associated Challenges and Issues of Nanocarriers in Agriculture 327 11.8 Future Prospects 328 11.9 Conclusion 329 Acknowledgments 329 References 330 Index 337