Jacaranda History Alive 8 Australian Curriculum 2e learnON & print

How to use the Jacaranda History Alive resource suite x Acknowledgements xii Overview 1: Ancient to Modern World The Overview content has been split into two topics (topic 1 and 2) to provide a more logical and coherent coverage 1 A world in change (c. 650–1400) 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 How do we know about the world between c. 650 and 1400? 3 1.3 Life in the Middle Ages 5 1.4 People on the move 8 1.5 Religions on the move 12 1.6 A different way of life 15 1.7 Power, society and religion 18 1.8 Later medieval Europe 21 1.9 New migrations, invasions and empires 23 1.10 SkillBuilder: Identifying continuity and change 27 1.11 Review 29 2 A world of expanding contacts (c. 1400–1750) 32 2.1 Overview 32 2.2 How do we know about the world from c. 1400 to 1750? 34 2.3 Technology, population, cities and trade 36 2.4 Africa and the Americas 39 2.5 The emerging power of western Europe 42 2.6 Portuguese and Spanish voyages of discovery 45 2.7 Vasco da Gama opens the East 48 2.8 Discoveries and the clash of empires 51 2.9 SkillBuilder: Analysing a historian’s argument 55 2.10 Review 58 Depth Study 1: The Western and Islamic World 3 The Vikings (c. 790–1066) 60 3.1 Overview 60 3.2 How do we know about the Vikings? 62 3.3 Scandinavia before the Viking Age 65 3.4 The Viking homelands 68 3.5 Viking war gear 69 3.6 Viking longships 72 3.7 Viking explorers, settlers and traders 74 3.8 Viking religion 77 3.9 Gods, giants and burial customs 80 3.10 The Vikings as farmers 82 3.11 SkillBuilder: Interpreting Viking sources 85 3.12 Harald Bluetooth, Viking king of Denmark 88 3.13 The Battle of Hastings and the end of the Viking Age 90 3.14 Heritage of the Vikings 93 3.15 Research project: The Bayeux Tapestry 95 3.16 Review 96 4 Medieval Europe (c. 590–1500) 100 4.1 Overview 100 4.2 How do we know about medieval Europe? 102 4.3 The impact of the ‘barbarian’ invasions104 4.4 Early medieval Christianity .107 4.5 Spreading Christianity in the Early Middle Ages 110 4.6 The feudal system 112 4.7 Life on the manor 114 4.8 The miller and the watermill 117 4.9 The knight 119 4.10 Medieval warfare 121 4.11 Castles 124 4.12 The power of the medieval church 126 4.13 Monasteries and convents 128 4.14 The Crusades 130 4.15 The Age of Faith 133 4.16 Towns and trades 137 4.17 The Black Death 139 4.18 The Peasants’ Revolt 143 4.19 Joan of Arc 145 4.20 SkillBuilder: Interpreting medieval art as sources 148 4.21 The heritage of medieval Europe 150 4.22 Research project: A letter from Joan of Arc 153 4.23 Review 154 5 The Ottoman Empire (c. 1299–1683) 158 5.1 Overview 158 5.2 How do we know about the Ottoman Empire? 160 5.3 Mohammed and the beginning of Islam 162 5.4 The spread of Islam 165 5.5 The golden age of Islam 167 5.6 The beginnings of the Ottoman Empire 170 5.7 The capture of Constantinople 173 5.8 Suleiman the Magnificent 177 5.9 Life in the Ottoman Empire 182 5.10 Ottoman art, architecture and literature 186 5.11 SkillBuilder: Interpreting Ottoman Empire sources 189 5.12 The legacy of the Ottoman Empire 192 5.13 Review 194 6 Renaissance Italy (c. 1400–1600) 197 6.1 Overview 197 6.2 How do we know about the Renaissance era? 199 6.3 The origins of the Renaissance 201 6.4 Renaissance society 203 6.5 Artistic stars of the Renaissance 207 6.6 The spread of the Renaissance 211 6.7 A scientific revolution 213 6.8 The Reformation and Counter-Reformation 217 6.9 SkillBuilder: Interpreting Renaissance era sources 220 6.10 Legacies of the Renaissance 222 6.11 Research project: Renaissance Antiques brochure 224 6.12 Review 226 Depth Study 2: The Asia-Pacific World 7 Angkor and the Khmer Empire (c. 802–1431) 229 7.1 Overview 229 7.2 How do we know about Angkor and the Khmer Empire? 231 7.3 Environment and peoples 233 7.4 The historical setting 235 7.5 Rise and decline 238 7.6 Religious beliefs and values 241 7.7 Rulers and the people 244 7.8 Angkor’s buildings 247 7.9 SkillBuilder: Making your own notes from sources 250 7.10 Legacies of the Khmer Empire 252 7.11 Research project: Blogging from the Khmer Empire 255 7.12 Review 257 8 Japan under the shoguns (c. 794–1867) 259 8.1 Overview 259 8.2 How do we know about Japan under the shoguns? 261 8.3 Ancient and Classical Japan 263 8.4 Military rule 266 8.5 The three unifiers of Japan 269 8.6 Japanese society 272 8.7 The samurai 274 8.8 Beliefs and values 278 8.9 The role of Heian women 282 8.10 Craftwork and the arts 284 8.11 Life in the Edo period 287 8.12 SkillBuilder: Making your own notes from sources 290 8.13 Foreign devils 292 8.14 Emperor Meiji and modern Japan 295 8.15 The heritage of Japan under the shoguns 298 8.16 Review 300 9 Polynesian expansion across the Pacific (c. 700–1756) 304 9.1 Overview 304 9.2 How do we know about Polynesian expansion? 306 9.3 Exploring the Pacific 308 9.4 Discovery of the land of the long white cloud 310 9.5 Maori society — an overview 315 9.6 People and the environment 319 9.7 SkillBuilder: Making your own notes from sources 324 9.8 Living in a village 326 9.9 Customs and culture 327 9.10 Review 332 Depth Study 3: Expanding Contacts 10 Mongol expansion (c. 1206–1368) 334 10.1 Overview 334 10.2 How do we know about the Mongol expansion? 336 10.3 Life in imperial China before the Mongol conquest 338 10.4 The Mongol people and their land 342 10.5 The rise of Temujin 344 10.6 The Mongol army 347 10.7 Mongol rule — the Yuan dynasty 351 10.8 Culture and beliefs at the Khan’s court 353 10.9 The travels of Marco Polo 357 10.10 Defeat of the Mongol Empire 360 10.11 The Mongol legacy 362 10.12 SkillBuilder: Recognising different perspectives 364 10.13 Research project: An interview with Genghis Khan 366 10.14 Review 367 11 The Black Death — a 14th century plague 369 11.1 Overview 369 11.2 How do we know about the Black Death? 371 11.3 What was the Black Death? 373 11.4 Living conditions and medical science 375 11.5 Religious beliefs 378 11.6 Trade and the spread of disease 381 11.7 Responses to the Black Death 386 11.8 How did the Black Death change society? 389 11.9 Weakening the feudal system 391 11.10 SkillBuilder: Recognising different perspectives 394 11.11 Review 396 12 The Spanish conquest of the Americas (c. 1492–1572) 399 12.1 Overview 399 12.2 How do we know about the Spanish conquest of the Americas? 401 12.3 The Aztecs before Spanish arrival 403 12.4 Columbus and the New World 407 12.5 Cortes, the conquistadors and the Aztecs 411 12.6 New Spain 415 12.7 Slavery in the New World 418 12.8 Impact of colonisation on victims and victors 422 12.9 SkillBuilder: Recognising different perspectives 424 12.10 Legacies of colonisation 426 12.11 Research project: An Aztec audio dictionary 428 12.12 Review 429 Glossary 432 Index 440