Systematists, comparative biologists, taxonomists and evolutionary biologists all concern themselves with the evolutionary relationships between animals and plants. Homology is the principle underlying these disciplines. When looking at groups of organisms, shared positional similarities (homologues) provide the raw data from which hypotheses of common ancestry (homology) may be suggested. In order to explore the relationship between homologues (characters) and particular hypotheses of common ancestry, complex matrices are devised, where homologues are coded, allowing theories of homology to be developed and tested. Practically nothing has been written about this matrix-building process and yet it is of fundamental importance to our understanding of diversity and evolutionary history. This book fills the gap by discussing the different ways observations are coded and the consequences for the resulting hypotheses. It takes a pragmatic approach and uses case studies as well as theoretical examples to offer practical solutions.
Edited by:
Robert Scotland,
R. Toby Pennington
Imprint: CRC Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions:
Height: 254mm,
Width: 178mm,
Weight: 453g
ISBN: 9780367398897
ISBN 10: 0367398893
Pages: 217
Publication Date: 26 September 2019
Audience:
Professional and scholarly
,
Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active
1. Homology and the inference of systematic relationships: some historical and philosophical perspectives, Andrew Brower 2. A survey for primary homology assessment: different botanists perceive and define characters in different ways Julie Hawkins 3. Experiments in coding multi-state characters Peter Forey and Iain Kitching 4. On characters and character states: do overlapping and non overlapping variation, morphology and molecules all yield data of the same value? Peter Stevens 5. Heuristic reconstruction of hypothetical-ancestral DNA sequences: sequence alignment versus direct optimisation Ward Wheeler 6. 'Cryptic' characters in monocotyledons: Homology and coding Paula Rudall 7. Process morphology from a cladistic perspective Peter Weston 8. Homology, coding and three taxon statement analysis Robert Scotland 9. Characters, homology and three-item analysis David Williams and Darrell Siebert Forey, The National History Museum, UK, Julie Hawkins, The University of Reading, UK, an Kitching, The Natural History Museum, UK, Toby Pennington, Royal Botanic Gardens, UK, Paula Rudall, Royal Botanic Gardens, UK, Robert Scotland, University of Oxford, UK, Peter Stevens, University of Missouri-St Louis, USA, Darrell Siebert, The Natural History Museum, UK, Peter Weston, Royal Botanic Gardens, UK, Ward Wheeler, American Museum of Natural History, USA, David Williams, The Natural History Museum, UK.
Robert Scotland, R. Toby Pennington
