Essential Biochemistry, 5th edition, comprises biology, pre-med, and allied health topics and presents a broad, but not overwhelming, base of biochemical coverage that focuses on the chemistry behind biology. This text relates the chemical concepts that scaffold the biology of biochemistry, providing practical knowledge and many problem-solving opportunities to hone skills. Key Concepts and Concept Check features help students identify and review important takeaways in each section.
This international adaptation contains up-to-date coverage of topics, including Ramachandran diagrams, lysozymes, steroid hormones, and ionophores. It also offers integrated coverage of SARS-CoV-2 and the impacts of COVID-19, relating it to the importance of an interdisciplinary response to a global pandemic. By focusing on strengthening the organization of the content as well as updating the end-of-chapter problems, this edition presents a brand-new experience to the reader.
Part 1 FOUNDATIONS 1 The Chemical Basis of Life 1.1 What Is Biochemistry? 1.2 The Origin of Cells 1.3 Biological Molecules 1.4 Energy and Metabolism 2 Aqueous Chemistry 2.1 Water Molecules and Hydrogen Bonds 2.2 The Hydrophobic Effect 2.3 Acid–Base Chemistry 2.4 Tools and Techniques: Buffers 2.5 Clinical Connection: Physiological Buffers Part 2 MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 3 Nucleic Acid Structure and Function 3.1 Nitrogenous Bases 3.2 Nucleic Acid Structure 3.3 The Central Dogma 3.4 Genomics 4 Amino Acid and Protein Structure 4.1 Amino Acids, the Building Blocks of Proteins 4.2 Secondary Structure: The Conformation of the Peptide Group 4.3 Tertiary Structure and Protein Stability 4.4 Quaternary Structure 4.5 Clinical Connection: Protein Misfolding and Disease 4.6 Tools and Techniques: Analyzing Protein Structure 5 Protein Function 5.1 Myoglobin and Hemoglobin: Oxygen-Binding Proteins 5.2 Clinical Connection: Hemoglobin Variants 5.3 Structural Proteins 5.4 Motor Proteins 5.5 Antibodies 6 Enzymes: Classification and Catalysis 6.1 What Is an Enzyme? 6.2 Chemical Catalytic Mechanisms 6.3 Unique Properties of Enzyme Catalysts 6.4 Chymotrypsin in Context 6.5 Clinical Connection: Blood Coagulation 7 Enzyme Kinetics and Inhibition 7.1 Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics 7.2 The Michaelis–Menten Equation for an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction 7.3 Enzyme Inhibition 7.4 Clinical Connection: Drug Development 8 Lipids and Biological Membranes 8.1 Lipids 8.2 The Lipid Bilayer 8.3 Membrane Proteins 8.4 The Fluid Mosaic Model 9 Membrane Transport 9.1 The Thermodynamics of Membrane Transport 9.2 Passive Transport 9.3 Active Transport 9.4 Membrane Fusion 10 Signaling 10.1 General Features of Signaling Pathways 10.2 G Protein Signaling Pathways 10.3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases 10.4 Lipid Hormone Signaling 11 Carbohydrates 11.1 Monosaccharides 11.2 Disaccharides, Oligosaccharides, and Polysaccharides 11.3 Glycoconjugates: Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, and Proteoglycans 11.4 Clinical Connection: Glucose and Diabetes Mellitus Part 3 METABOLISM 12 Metabolism and Bioenergetics 12.1 Food and Fuel 12.2 Free Energy Changes in Metabolic Reactions 12.3 Metabolic Pathways 13 Carbohydrate Metabolism 13.1 Glycolysis 13.2 Gluconeogenesis 13.3 Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation 13.4 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway 13.5 Clinical Connection: Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism 14 The Citric Acid Cycle 14.1 The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Reaction 14.2 The Eight Reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle 14.3 Thermodynamics of the Citric Acid Cycle 14.4 Anabolic and Catabolic Functions of the Citric Acid Cycle 15 Oxidative Phosphorylation 15.1 The Thermodynamics of Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 15.2 Mitochondrial Electron Transport 15.3 ATP Synthase 15.4 Chemiosmosis 16 Photosynthesis 16.1 Photosynthesis: An Overview 16.2 The Light Reactions 16.3 Carbon Fixation 17 Lipid Metabolism 17.1 Lipid Digestion and Transport 17.2 Fatty Acid Oxidation 17.3 Fatty Acid Synthesis 17.4 Synthesis of Other Lipids 18 Nitrogen Metabolism 18.1 Nitrogen Fixation and Assimilation 18.2 Amino Acid Biosynthesis 18.3 Amino Acid Catabolism 18.4 Excretion of Excess Nitrogen: The Urea Cycle 18.5 Nucleotide Metabolism 19 Regulation of Mammalian Fuel Metabolism 19.1 Integration of Fuel Metabolism 19.2 Hormonal Control of Fuel Metabolism 19.3 Disorders of Fuel Metabolism 19.4 Clinical Connection: Cancer Metabolism Part 4 GENETIC INFORMATION 20 DNA Replication and Repair 20.1 DNA Packaging: Nucleosome and Chromatin 20.2 The DNA Replication Machinery 20.3 Telomeres 20.4 DNA Damage and Repair 20.5 Clinical Connection: Cancer as a Genetic Disease 20.6 Tools and Techniques: Manipulating DNA 21 Transcription and RNA Processing 21.1 Initiating Transcription 21.2 RNA Polymerase 21.3 RNA Processing 22 Protein Synthesis 22.1 tRNA and the Genetic Code 22.2 Ribosome Structure 22.3 Translation 22.4 Post-Translational Modifications GLOSSARY ODD-NUMBERED SOLUTIONS INDEX
CHARLOTTE PRATT received a B.S. in biology from the University of Notre Dame and a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Duke University. She is a protein chemist who has conducted research in blood coagulation and inflammation at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She is currently Associate Professor in the Biology Department at Seattle Pacific University. Her interests include molecular evolution, enzyme action, and the relationship between metabolic processes and disease. She has written numerous research and review articles, has worked as a textbook editor, and is a co-author, with Donald Voet and Judith G. Voet, of Fundamentals of Biochemistry, published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. KATHLEEN CORNELY holds a B.S. in chemistry from Bowling Green (Ohio) State University, an M.S. in biochemistry from Indiana University, and a Ph.D. in nutritional biochemistry from Cornell University. She is currently the Robert H. Walsh '39 Endowed Professor in Chemistry and Biochemistry at Providence College, where she has focused on expanding the use of case studies and guided inquiry across a broad spectrum of classes. Her interest in active pedagogy has led to her involvement in national programs including Project Kaleidoscope, the POGIL Project, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute SEA PHAGES program, which has also fueled her current experimental research in phage genomics. She has been a member of the editorial board of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education and has served for several years as coordinator of the undergraduate poster competition at the annual meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
