Clinical Dilemmas in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

List of Contributors vii Preface ix Part I: Nature of the condition 1 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Hype or harm? 3 Stephen H. Caldwell and Curtis K. Argo 2 NAFLD: A worldwide problem 8 Joanna K. Dowman Geoffrey C. Farrell and Philip Newsome 3 Is insulin resistance the principal cause of NAFLD? 15 Ian F. Godsland Sanjeev Mehta Shareen Forbes Fabian Meienberg Michael Yee Simon D. Taylor‐Robinson and Desmond G. Johnston 4 Paediatric NAFLD: A distinct disease with the propensity for progressive fibrosis 29 Emer Fitzpatrick and Anil Dhawan 5 Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis 36 Jay H. Lefkowitch 6 Is NAFLD different in absence of metabolic syndrome? 44 Yusuf Yilmaz 7 Occurrence of noncirrhotic HCC in NAFLD 50 Dawn M. Torres and Stephen A. Harrison 8 Fibrosis progression: Putative mechanisms and molecular pathways 61 Wing‐Kin Syn and Anna Mae Diehl 9 When is it NAFLD and when is it ALD?: Can the histologic evaluation of a liver biopsy guide the clinical evaluation? 72 Elizabeth M. Brunt and David E. Kleiner                                                                                                                 10 Of men and microbes: Role of the intestinal microbiome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 82 Muhammad Bilal Siddiqui Mohammed Shadab Siddiqui and Arun J. Sanyal 11 Can genetic influence in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease be ignored? 91 Yang‐Lin Liu Christopher P. Day and Quentin M. Anstee 12 Is there a mechanistic link between hepatic steatosis and cardiac rather than liver events? 103 Soo Lim Part III: Diagnosis and Scoring 13 How to best diagnose NAFLD/NASH? 113 Vlad Ratziu 14 The clinical utility of noninvasive blood tests and elastography 124 Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis and Massimo Pinzani 15 Are the guidelines—AASLD IASL EASL and BSG—of help in the management of patients with NAFLD? 131 Cristina Margini and Jean‐François Dufour 16 Imaging methods for screening of hepatic steatosis 138 Hero K. Hussain 17 Are the advantages of obtaining a liver biopsy outweighed by the disadvantages? 152 Jeremy F. L. Cobbold and Simon D. Taylor‐Robinson 18 Screening for NAFLD in high‐risk populations 161 Nader Lessan Part IV: Value of treatment measures 19 Defining the role of metabolic physician 173 Nicholas Finer 20 Should physicians be prescribing or patients self‐medicating with orlistat vitamin E vitamin D insulin sensitizers pentoxifylline or coffee? 182 Haripriya Maddur and Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri 21 Effects of treatment of NAFLD on the metabolic syndrome 189 Hannele Yki‐Järvinen 22 What are the dangers as well as the true benefits of bariatric surgery? 196 Andrew Jenkinson 23 Liver transplantation: What can it offer? 203 Roger Williams Part V: What does the future hold? 24 Molecular antagonists leptin or other hormones in supplementing environmental factors? 211 Jonathan M. Hazlehurst and Jeremy W. Tomlinson 25 What is the role of antifibrotic therapies in the current and future management of NAFLD? 218 Natasha McDonald and Jonathan Fallowfield 26 Developmental programming of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease 226 Jiawei Li Paul Cordero and Jude A. Oben Index 232