Classless Politics: Islamist Movements, the Left, and Authoritarian Legacies in Egypt

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Hesham Sallam

Classless Politics

Islamist Movements, the Left, and Authoritarian Legacies in Egypt

Hesham Sallam

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English

Columbia University Press
30 November 2022

Religion & politics; Religious intolerance, persecution & conflict; Islam; Socialism & left-of-centre democratic ideologies; Revolutionary groups & movements

Series: Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics

"Since the 1970s, the Egyptian state has embarked on a far-reaching and destabilizing project of economic liberalization, reneging on its commitments to social welfare. Despite widespread socioeconomic grievances stemming from these policies, class politics and battles over wealth redistribution have largely been sidelined from elite-led national politics. Instead, conflicts over identity have raged, as Islamist movements became increasingly prominent political players.

Classless Politics offers a counterintuitive account of the relationship between neoliberal economics and Islamist politics in Egypt that sheds new light on the worldwide trend of ""more identity, less class."" Hesham Sallam examines why Islamist movements have gained support at the expense of the left, even amid conflicts over the costs of economic reforms. Rather than highlighting the stagnancy of the left or the agility of Islamists, he pinpoints the historical legacies of authoritarian survival strategies. As the regime resorted to economic liberalization in the 1970s, it tacitly opened political space for Islamist movements to marginalize its leftist opponents. In the long run, this policy led to the fragmentation of opponents of economic reform, the increased salience of cultural conflicts within the left, and the restructuring of political life around questions of national and religious identity.

Historically rich and theoretically insightful, this book demonstrates how the participation of Islamist groups shapes the politics of neoliberal reform and addresses why economic liberalization since the 1970s has contributed to the surge in culture wars around the world today."

By: Hesham Sallam
Imprint: Columbia University Press
Country of Publication: United States
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm,
ISBN: 9780231203241
ISBN 10: 0231203241
Series: Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics
Pages: 472
Publication Date: 30 November 2022
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

Hesham Sallam is a research scholar at Stanford University’s Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law, where he also serves as the associate director of the Program on Arab Reform and Democracy. He is the editor of Egypt’s Parliamentary Elections, 2011–2012: A Critical Guide to a Changing Political Arena (2013), coeditor of Struggles for Political Change in the Arab World (2022), and a coeditor of the ezine Jadaliyya.

Reviews for Classless Politics: Islamist Movements, the Left, and Authoritarian Legacies in Egypt

Sallam has written a compelling and excellent book on the ways the structural conditions surrounding economic austerity measures shaped Islamist responses and successes in Egypt. Today, Egypt, like many other countries, sees less class and more identity in its everyday politics. This transformation is directly tied to the weakening of leftist parties and the dominance of neoliberalism. Sallam puts forth a rich book that captures the sentiments of elites and citizens as they embraced this new reality. -- Amaney A. Jamal, author of <i>Of Empires and Citizens: Pro-American Democracy or No Democracy at All?</i> Classless Politics is a welcome addition for understanding the past fifty years of oppositional politics in Egypt. As the Islamists joined forces in the state's neoliberal governing project as opposition, the left and class analysis were practically eliminated while socioeconomic inequalities expanded. This research not only provides a coherent history but also shows how this structure nurtured deeper divisions between opposition groups in the decades prior to the Egyptian Uprising. Classless Politics is a must-read for students of Egypt's politics. -- Joshua Stacher, author of <i>Watermelon Democracy: Egypt's Turbulent Transition</i>