Biosphere Reserves and Sustainable Development Goals 1

"Presentation of the Authors of the Two Volumes xi Introduction xxi Angela BARTHES, Catherine CIBIEN and Bruno ROMAGNY Part 1 Biosphere Reserves and Sustainable Development Goals: Multidisciplinary Scientific Issues Introduction to Part 1 3 Bruno ROMAGNY Chapter 1 Man and the Biosphere: A Precursory Program for the Next World 7 Meriem BOUAMRANE and Didier BABIN 1.1 1971-2021, the beginnings of sustainable development 7 1.2 Making sure no one is left behind 9 1.3 Identification of gaps, risks and challenges 10 1.4 Valuable lessons learned from the transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies 11 1.5 Investments that may affect the building of sustainable and resilient societies 11 1.6 Integration of biodiversity within sustainable development policies 12 1.7 Policy recommendations to accelerate progress in building sustainable and resilient societies 13 1.8 Lessons learned from the Covid-19 crisis and perspectives for biosphere reserves for the next world 14 1.9 References 15 Chapter 2 Humans and Nature: A Story to be Rewritten 17 Magda BOU DAGHER KHARRAT, Éliane BOU DAGHER and Rhéa KAHALÉ 2.1 Homo sapiens, a species like the others 17 2.2 Homo sapiens, a nature modifier 17 2.3 The Mediterranean, more than a sea in the middle of the land 19 2.4 The academic sphere and the action in favor of biodiversity 20 2.5 Biosphere reserves and Sustainable Development Goals 21 2.6 References 23 Chapter 3 Social Representations, Collective Organization and Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves 25 Angela BARTHES, Bruno ROMAGNY, Jean-Marc LANGE, Lahoucine AMZIL, Roser MANEJA, Mohammed ADERGHAL and Véronique CHALANDO 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Social representations as an exploratory method of prior knowledge 27 3.3 How can social representations be defined? Some theoretical elements 28 3.4 How can social representations be defined? Central core and peripheral elements 29 3.5 The methodological elements of our study 30 3.6 Study results 32 3.7 Differences and similarities in the social representations of students 36 3.8 Addressing the issue of complexity versus focusing on the environment 37 3.9 Addressing the collective organization of society versus the recourse to individual action 39 3.10 Conclusion 39 3.11 References 40 Chapter 4 Challenges and Opportunities of Collaborative Research on Biosphere Reserves in the Mediterranean 43 Moustapha ITANI, Salma NASHABE TALHOUK, Wassim EL-HAJJ, Nivine NASRALLAH and Hannah ABOU FAKHER 4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Collaborative research 43 4.3 Beneficial aspects of collaborative research 44 4.4 Challenges to collaborative research and data sharing 45 4.5 Motives behind collaborative research 46 4.6 The Mediterranean Basin: asymmetries between Northern and Southern Mediterranean countries 48 4.7 Travel limitations 51 4.8 Conclusion 55 4.9 References 56 Chapter 5 Scientific Tourism in Multi-Labeled Protected Areas: The Ecological Transition and Controversy in the Mountains 61 Mikaël CHAMBRU and Cécilia CLAEYS 5.1 Introduction 61 5.2 The ecological transition: from the injunctions to the different socio-political and cultural references 64 5.3 The trajectories of governance forms for a scientific tourism project 66 5.4 The ambiguities related to the touristic development of scientific culture 68 5.5 The environmental paradoxes of a scientific tourism project 71 5.6 Conclusion 73 5.7 References 75 Part 2 Educational Practices Relating to Biosphere Reserves: Balance and Prospects Introduction to Part 2 81 Angela BARTHES Chapter 6 Teaching How to Produce Differently at a Biosphere Reserve 83 Véronique CHALANDO and Angela BARTHES 6.1 Introduction 83 6.2 Curricular challenges of teaching how to ""produce differently"" 84 6.3 Technical knowledge and political movements 87 6.4 Knowledge conflicts and conflicts of values: the question of direction in the circulation of knowledge 88 6.5 Towards coherent criteria for analyzing agroecological literacy 89 6.6 Case study 92 6.7 Discussion 96 6.8 Conclusion 99 6.9 References 99 Chapter 7 The Sustainable Management of Biosphere Reserves: What Are the Challenges for Agricultural Education? 103 Nina ASLOUM, Guillaume GILLET and Laurent BEDOUSSAC 7.1 Introduction 103 7.2 Agroecology, from its emergence to the change of agricultural model 105 7.3 Social representations 107 7.4 Methodology 109 7.5 Data categorization 110 7.6 Results 110 7.7 Discussion 113 7.8 Conclusion 114 7.9 References 115 Chapter 8 Collective Skills from Partnerships Between Protected Areas and Teachers 119 Sylviane BLANC-MAXIMIN 8.1 Introduction 119 8.2 The educational partnership 121 8.3 Three case studies in a labeled rural territory 126 8.4 Presence of a collective skill and of the collective’s skill 131 8.5 Conclusion 134 8.6 Appendix 135 8.7 References 136 Chapter 9 The Instrumentalization of Education in Sustainable Development at the Service of Tourism: The Case of the Arganeraie 141 Salma ITSMAÏL and Bruno GARNIER 9.1 Introduction 141 9.2 Environmental crisis and inflation of alternative tourism 141 9.3 Tourism and sustainable development 143 9.4 Sustainable tourism and patrimony: educational issues 144 9.5 Towards a ""sustainable strategy"" 147 9.6 The Moroccan situation: a sustainable tourism policy in the ABR? 148 9.7 A cultural as well as a natural patrimony item: the argan tree 151 9.8 Between reality and opportunism: the instrumentalization of sustainable development 152 9.9 Education: the missing vector for sustainable tourism 158 9.10 Conclusion 161 9.11 References 161 Chapter 10 Biosphere Reserves and Political Skills Transfer in University Curricula 165 Melki SLIMANI, Angela BARTHES and Jean-Marc LANGE 10.1 Introduction 165 10.2 Towards a conceptual recontextualization of the political skill in the environmental field 166 10.3 Environmental political skill: Master’s degree in Man and the Biosphere - case study 170 10.4 Results and discussion 173 10.5 Conclusion: changing curricular morphologies 177 10.6 References 178 Chapter 11 Education and Mediation in the Arganeraie: Alliance Strategies Between Education and Tourism Actors? 183 Saïd BOUJROUF and Abdullah AÏT L’HOUSSAIN 11.1 Introduction 183 11.2 Locating the Arganeraie biosphere reserve 184 11.3 The ABR, a tourist landscape showcased by the media? 184 11.4 ABR landscape imaging and its dissemination 185 11.5 A confusion between education forms in the ABR: formal, non-formal and informal 186 11.6 Towards mediation in the ABR or the construction of an alliance and communication strategies between education and tourism actors 190 11.7 The territorial integration of the ABR - a condition for the alliance’s success: communication, mediation and media coverage 192 11.8 ""Polarized"" networks in the ABR: a tool for the alliance between education and tourism actors 194 11.9 Actor training for the development of capacities: skills and capability for communication management 195 11.10 Conclusion 197 11.11 References 198 List of Authors 201 Index 203 Summary of Volume 2 207"