The aptasensor-based point-of-care testing devices offer high sensitivity and specificity They are cost-effective, provide rapid detection, and are stable in an adverse environment making them suitable tools for on-site detection of cancer biomarkers in medical and clinical settings.
The present book emphasizes the target-specific design, functionalization, and synthesis of aptamers for the fabrication of aptamer-based biosensors which can be employed for cancer biomarkers detection. This book will provide the reader with a timely update on the recent advances in aptamers-based point-of-care biosensors for cancer diagnostics.
It will also demonstrate the advantages of aptamers such as low cost, ease of design, synthesis, and modification, hence can be employed as a good alternative to antibody-based biosensors. It will also shed light on nanostructured materials and their significance for the construction of point-of-care aptasensors. Furthermore, it will describe in detail the integration of a point-of-care aptasensors-based sensing platform integrated with a wireless platform (internet-of-medical things) for intelligent disease management.
Key Features:
Highlights strategies for the synthesis of aptamers along with the design and fabrication of aptasensor-based point-of-care devices for early detection of cancer biomarkers and how these sensors can revolutionize the field of disease diagnostics.
Details the technology of aptasensor-based point-of-care devices for disease diagnosis, with a specific focus on cancer diagnostic applications.
Includes detailed information on the integration of aptasensor-based point-of-care technologies on the wireless platform internet-of-medical things for smart and intelligent disease management.
*Authors of the chapters of this book are well-known researchers in the field of cancer diagnostics and have incorporated specific case studies within their respective chapters.
Aptamer-based Point-of-Care Testing: An Overview from Past to Future. This chapter will discuss new challenges in point-of-care detection from the lab to clinical applications along with a brief explanation and advantages of aptamers in diagnostics systems for disease management. 2. Point-of-Care Systems: Brief History to Recent Advances in the field of Cancer This chapter will include the fundamental applications and POC system information in a hospital with a brief history and its working principle for disease diagnosis mainly for cancer detection. 3. Aptasensors for Cancer Diagnostics: An Insight into Immobilisation Strategies This chapter will discuss the aptamer-based biosensor devices and aspects such as characterization of bio-recognition probes with their respective analytes, immobilization onto electrode surfaces, and development of anti-fouling surface chemistries. The special attention will be on different types of surface chemistry used for the development of simple, sensitive, and cost-effective aptasensors. Rapid Detection of Circulating Cancer Cells Point-of-Care Diagnostic using Aptasensors This chapter will include the use of aptasensor techniques to detect metastatic cancer cells. Besides, a brief explanation of the immobilization techniques as receptors on the sensor surface along with in vitro assays in real-time detection of cancer cells will be presented. Aptamers based Bioassay using Proteins/Biomarkers: A Critical role of Cancer Point-of-Care Testing This chapter will explain the excellent features of the label-free aptasensors for the sensitive and accurate monitoring of cancer biomarkers. Also, the role of advanced nanomaterials for the construction of aptasensors for point-of-care Testing will be discussed. Cancer Diagnostics: The Synthesis and Selection of Aptamers for Diagnostic Applications This chapter discusses the synthesis and selection of aptamers specifically against cancer biomarkers and cells. Besides, will be discussed about the advantages of nanomaterials to improve the affinity of aptamers in comparison to antibodies. 7. Detection of Cancer Biomarkers based on Electrochemical Aptasensor This chapter will describe recent advances made in the field of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers such as specific genes, microRNA, proteins, circulating tumor cells, cell lines, and exosomes or exosome-derived biomarkers. Optical Aptasensors for Early Diagnosis of Cancer Biomarkers In this chapter, we will summarize the recent developments in different approaches belonging to optical aptasensor technologies being widely employed for their simple operation, sensitivity, and early cancer diagnostics. Besides, we shed some light on the limitations, advantages, and current challenges in clinical diagnostics, and we elaborated on some future perspectives. Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Cancer: A Briefly Explanation of Aptasensor This chapter will deliver detailed explanations of the Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-based aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers. Moreover, the detailed explanation of the chemical composition of human cancer tissues based on Raman bands of DNA/RNA, amino acids, lipids, and proteins will also be discussed. Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Aptamer-Based Cancer Biomarker Screening The focus of this chapter is to highlight the recent progress in aptamerbased screening with emphasis on the integration of aptamers with various forms of LOC devices including microfluidic chips and paperbased microfluidic devices. Nanotechnology in Cancer Diagnosis: Challenges and Opportunities This chapter will summarize the cutting-edge developments in nanotechnology/nanobiotechnology applications for cancer diagnosis. In addition, the challenges in the translation of nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods into clinical applications are also discussed. Current Perspectives on Aptamers as Diagnostic Tools for Cancer Screening In this chapter, we will discuss the role of aptamers in the current diagnostic and therapeutic applications and addressing the challenges associated with them. The chapter also sheds light on the implementation of aptamer conjugates for diagnostic purposes and, finally, the therapeutic aptamers under clinical investigation, challenges therein, and their future directions will also be discussed. Lab to Clinical Applications of Nucleic acid Aptamers in Cancer Diagnostics. This chapter aims to discuss the fundamentals, summarize and highlight the clinical applications of aptamers in cancer diagnosis and treatment in special context to technology developed in labs and transferred to Industry/clinics.
Arpana Parihar is a DST Women Scientist-B at the CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute in Bhopal, India. She has over 8 years of research experience at various institutions such as RRCAT Indore, IIT Delhi, etc. particularly in the field of cancer theragnostic. Her current research interest includes the fabrication of biosensors for early diagnosis of cancer and infectious diseases. She also contributed significantly in the fields of, stem cell biology, tissue engineering, targeted therapy, and photodynamic therapy of cancer. She has published over 35 referred journal articles, 25 book chapters, and published 5 books. Pushpesh Ranjan is currently working as a Ph.D. candidate at CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) under the supervision of Dr. Raju Khan at the Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials division. His current research is focused on the development of graphene oxide-ionic liquid-based nano biosensors, along with aptasensor-based point-of-care biosensors. He had over 5 years of research experience at CSIR-AMPRI Bhopal and IIT Indore. He has published over 19 referred journal articles and published >10 book chapters. Raju Khan is a Senior Principal Scientist and Professor at CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute. His current research focuses on electrochemical biosensor point-of-care diagnostics, integrated with microfluidics for clinical applications. He has more than 15 years of R & D experience in CSIR and other academic institutions. He has also been a visiting scientist at the University of Texas at San Antonio. He has published more than 81 referred journal articles, which have attracted more than >3900 citations, published >25 book chapters, and been the editor of 10 books with Elsevier and Taylor & Francis.
