Dr. Richard A. Swanson is Professor Emeritus of Human Resource Development at the University of Minnesota. Following that tenure, he served as Distinguished Research Chair in the College of Business and Technology, University of Texas at Tyler. Swanson has published extensively and has consulted with organizations in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Dr. Thomas J. Chermack is Professor of Organizational Learning, Performance and Change at Colorado State University. His research focuses on the outcomes of scenario planning and he has published extensively on the topic. He has consulted with organizations worldwide and directs the Ph.D. program at Colorado State University.