Amino Acids and Proteins in Fossil Biominerals: An Introduction for Archaeologists and Palaeontologists...

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Beatrice Demarchi (University of Turin, Turin, Italy)

Amino Acids and Proteins in Fossil Biominerals

An Introduction for Archaeologists and Palaeontologists

Beatrice Demarchi (University of Turin, Turin, Italy)

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English

Wiley-Blackwell
02 July 2020

Molecular biology; Palaeontology; Environmental monitoring

Series: Analytical Methods in Earth and Environmental Science

AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS IN FOSSIL BIOMINERALS

An essential cross-disciplinary guide to the proteins that form biominerals and that are preserved in the fossil record

Amino Acids and Proteins in Fossil Biominerals is an authoritative guide to the patterns of survival and degradation of ancient biomolecules in the fossil record. The author brings together new research in biomineralization and ancient proteins to describe mechanisms of protein diagenesis.

The book draws on the author's experiences as well as current information from three research fields: geochemistry, archaeology and Quaternary sciences. The author examines the history of the study of ancient proteins, from the dating of Quaternary biominerals to the present advances in shotgun proteomics, and discusses their applications across archaeology, geology and evolutionary biology.

This important guide:

Explores the main components of biominerals Describes the breakdown of proteins in fossils Reviews the applications of ancient protein studies

Written for students and researchers of biomolecular archaeology and palaeontology, Amino Acids and Proteins in Fossil Biominerals provides a cross-disciplinary guide to the proteins responsible for the formation of biominerals and to the survival of biomolecules in the archaeological and palaeontological record.

This book forms one volume of the popular New Analytical Methods in Earth and Environmental Science Series.

By: Beatrice Demarchi (University of Turin Turin Italy)
Imprint: Wiley-Blackwell
Country of Publication: United States
Dimensions: Height: 257mm, Width: 183mm, Spine: 13mm
Weight: 476g
ISBN: 9781119089445
ISBN 10: 1119089441
Series: Analytical Methods in Earth and Environmental Science
Pages: 144
Publication Date: 02 July 2020
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

Preface vii Acknowledgements ix 1 Biominerals and the Fossil Record 1 Why Study Old Biominerals? 1 What are Biominerals? 4 How and Why are Biominerals Formed? 5 ‘Biomineralization Toolkit’: From Proteins to Proteomes 8 Fossil Biominerals, Fossil Proteomes 12 References 16 2 Mechanisms of Degradation and Survival 23 Introduction 23 Hydrolysis 27 Racemization 31 Decomposition and Other Diagenesis-induced Modifications 35 References 38 3 Proteins in Fossil Biominerals 43 Bone and Other Collagen-based Hard Tissues 43 Tooth 45 Eggshell 47 Mollusc Shell 51 Other Substrates 57 References 63 4 Chiral Amino Acids: Geochronology and Other Applications 71 Dating the Quaternary (Pleistocene and Holocene) 71 Principles of AAR Dating 76 Measuring D/L Values 78 Factors Affecting D/L Values 82 Aminostratigraphy 87 Aminochronology 92 Palaeothermometry 97 Testing the Suitability of Biominerals for Geochemical Analyses 98 Taxonomic Identification 99 Appendix: Practical Tips on How to Plan and Conduct an AAR Study 100 References 104 5 Ancient Protein Sequences 113 Ancient Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry 113 Ancient Proteins: Past and Future 120 References 122 Index 127

Beatrice Demarchi, PhD, is a biomolecular archaeologist in the Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.