EDITED BY RAINER KURMAYER, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the University of Innsbruck, Research Institute for Limnology, Mondsee, Austria. KAARINA SIVONEN, PhD, is a Professor of Microbiology at the University of Helsinki, Finland. ANNICK WILMOTTE, PhD, is a FRS-FNRS Research Associate at InBios – Center for Protein Engineering, University of Liège, Belgium. NICO SALMASO, PhD, is Head of the Hydrobiology Unit of the Istituto Agrario di S. Michele All'Adige, Fondazione E. Mach (FEM), Trento, Italy.